Double/Triple Insulated Fire Glass Facade Curtain Walling Units Structural Glazing Stick Built System

Double/Triple Insulated Fire Glass Façade Curtain Walling Units Self-cleaning Structural Glazing Stick Built System

Quick Detail:
1. Surface Finished: PVDF Cotaed/Power Coating/Anodizing
2. Available Glass: Low-E/Reflective/Floated/Coated
3. Aluminium Thickness: 1.4-2.5mm

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Double-skin facade systems and its categories illustrates narrow fully sealed assemblies of systems which includes operable external louvers or shading devices. They all possess an inner and outer layer or glazed skin.

For a period of time now the use of DSF have increased due to their relevant usage and profit with respect to their possession of increased energy efficiency and daylighting improvement.

The paper will focus on the evaluation of Double-skin façade system for sustainable development in different climatic zones. An overview of the DSF literature illustrating the different types of double skin façade was carried, case studies of different DSF types was carried in different buildings in different locations namely; Eurotheum Frankfurt Germany, Seattle America and the Aurora Place, Sydney Australia.

Then analysis from the finding and discussions yield out the possible recommendations derived from the basic benefits and advantages of the DSF which includes; reduce heating demand, providing views, control solar gain, thermal, insulation, enhanced security, allowing natural ventilation, serves as pollution barrier, reduced artificial lightening m-Increased building life span, improve occupants comfort, future proofing, providing emergency egress, acoustic protection etc.

Then its disadvantages mainly is the initial cost of construction and space consumption. Therefore possible recommendation entailing the proper studying of different climatic zones in which the preferred DSF will be used was suggested so as to enhance further research and the technological advancement of the use of the DSF which was the concluding view point.

TWIN FACE DSF SYSTEM:

This consist of conventional curtain or thermal mass wall system inside a single glazed building skin. The outer glass may be safety or laminated glass or insulating glass. Shading devices may be included. This system must have an interior space of at least 500mm-600mm to permit cleansing.

It has an opening for allowing natural ventilation in the twin faced DSF which distinguishes it from the buffer and extract air DSF system. The outer skin is used for protecting air cavity contents (shading device), whereas the internal skin provides insulation for minimizing heat loss.

BUFFER DSF SYSTEM:

These predate insulating glass invented to maintain daylight into buildings while increasing sound and insulating properties of the wall system. They use two layers of single glazing spaced 250mm-900mm apart, sealed and allowing fresh air into the building through a controlled means of either a HVAC system or box type window which cut through the overall double skin with shading devices included in the cavity. The picture below shows an example of a buffer DSF system.

EXTRACT AIR DSF SYSTEM:

This comprised of a second layer of glazing placed on the interior of a main façade of double glazing (thermopane units) which makes the air space between the two layers of glazing to become part of the HVAC system.

The heated used air between the glazed layers extracted through the cavity with the use of fans, which tempers the inner layer of the glazing while the outer layer of insulating glass minimizes heat-transmission loss. Also fresh air is supplied by HVAC which precludes natural ventilation.

Shading devices are also mounted on the cavity with air spacing between the layers of glasses with the range of spacing between 150mm-900mm.This system is usually used in location where natural ventilation is not possible or places with high noise, wind, fumes etc. The picture below shows and example of an extract air DSF.

Double Skin Façade (DSF) system glass curtain wall is employed increasingly in high profile buildings, designed by famous Architects, using acclaimed engineering consultants, and being touted as an exemplary “green” building strategy. It is a new technology that is more often found in high-end European and Pacific Rim area buildings. For the majority of mainstream architects, double skin technology remains elusive. From perspectives of both knowledge and budget, double skin systems are often beyond the scope of most commercially driven projects.

The question arises as to whether or not double skin buildings truly are more environmentally responsible and sustainable. Is the commercial architecture missing out on potential energy and environmental savings? The Double Skin Façade is based on the notion of exterior walls that respond dynamically to varying ambient conditions, and that can incorporate a range of integrated sun-shading, natural ventilation, and thermal insulation devices or strategies.

Early modern architects in the window design of the different projects explored this new building technology. Early solar passive design exemplified in the "trombe" wall, is also viewed as a precursor to modern double skin systems Only recently has double skin technology become analogous with explorations in transparent and glass architecture, and moreover, acclaimed as environmentally "responsible" design. This paper represents the findings of a team of upper level B.Arch. and Masters students who have conducted an initial investigation into double skin cladding systems.

Specification:

Although the Double Skin Façade concept is not new, there is a growing tendency from the architects to put it into practice. Its complexity and adaptability to different climatic conditions increase the need for careful design. Since the construction types can differ from one location to another, it is obvious that the comparison of different literature sources is not always relevant. Since the concept of Double Skin Facades is complicated and its use and function affects different parameters of the building, the literature studied is from different fields.

It is clear that the design of the system is crucial for the performance of the building. It is the opinion of the author that the Double Skin Facades can provide both improved indoor climate and reduced use of energy in the same time if designed properly. If the approach is overall and the goals to be achieved are clear, then the mentioned system is flexible enough to meet climatic changes for most types of building use.

The classification of the Double Skin Facades is important since the initial approach can influence the design stage. After selecting the type of Double Façade appropriate for the building, it is necessary to define the design and the technical parameters (such as the materials used) that can influence the function and the performance of the system and the physical properties of the cavity. The accuracy of calculations of the façade performance in the design stage will lead to more precise predictions. It is clear that by prioritizing the main goals of the double façade system in different ways, the building design and construction can differ adapting to the performance requirements of the designers, and the needs of the users. The advantages and disadvantages of double skin façades found in different literature sources are mentioned and described.

Furthermore, examples of office buildings with Double Skin Façades are presented. Double Skin Façades 14 Finally a discussion and conclusions section follows in which the point of view of the author is given and comments are made. Fields of further research an development needed are presented.